Testking Microsoft certification exam study guide
Chapter 2 Analyzing an Existing Infrastructure
Analyze the Current Administration Model
Whereas many of your design goals involve minimizing administrative burden,70-630 70-297 70-291 it’s
important that you understand how the administration of the IT department is structured.
To begin with, there are two basic administrative models: centralized and
decentralized.
In the centralized model, a separate IT staff provides administrative services for the network.
The IT managers have control over every portion of the network, including the
Active Directory structure. There are two main advantages to using a centralized
model. First, the administrative structure is less complicated. This means that decisions
are easier to make and that you can use fewer OUs when designing an Active Directory
structure because there is not as much need for delegating administrative authority.
The second advantage is that having a smaller group of people in charge of the network
services means a more consistent design and management approach.
The disadvantage of the centralized model is that it doesn’t 70-270 70-284 70-294 scale very well. When you
have a more complex network that is spread out over a larger geographic area, relying
on a centralized administration often means slower response times. The decentralized
model solves this problem by maintaining some sort of administrative staff at each location.
In smaller locations, that staff may even be made up of expert users instead of IT
professionals. In some designs, the local administrative staff is given complete control
of the resources at their location. As mentioned previously, the real advantage to this
model is that when needs or problems arise, there is someone there locally who can
handle it. However, this advantage comes with costs. The Active Directory and network
structures must be more complex to support the decentralized model. This usually
means more OUs or even more domains. Another cost is that maintaining administrative
staff at various locations makes it harder to keep the staff up to date, consistent,
and well-trained.
When you record details about the 70-291 70-647 MB2-633 administrative model used in a company, include
the following information:
Make a simple organizational flowchart that shows the members of the administrative
staff and their relative positions. If the company uses a decentralized
model, make a chart for each location.
Identify the person (or people) who govern the IT budget. Find out when the
budget is determined and what aspects will affect your project?
If any services are outsourced, list the service, the vendor, and the cost.
Describe how IT decisions are made. Are all decisions made from the top? Is there
a certain amount of autonomy granted throughout the chain of command? If so,
what are the limits of this autonomy? Basically, what you are after is finding out
who makes what decisions in regard to changing and servicing the network.
Lesson Summary
The four main geographical company models are local, regional, national, and
international. The primary differences between these models (aside from political
boundaries) are the complexity 541(VB) 70-541(CSharp) 70-630 of the network and the state of the connections
between the locations.
Two types of offices also play into the geographical considerations: branch offices
that are controlled by the company and the subsidiary offices that are owned by
the company, but usually have their own staff and networking policies.
You should gather as much information as possible on how information is created,
stored, and transferred within the organization.Network Environment
When creating a geographic map of a company, you identified the major locations and
basic information about the network connections between those locations. You will
now begin to gather more detailed information about the existing network structure.
Routers and Other Networking Equipment
Start the information gathering by mapping out each geographic location individually.
A simple conceptual map will do nicely. Each location should be a single LAN on
which all hosts are well connected.
On your map, you need to identify the following:
Whether the LAN is separated into subnets.
The location of routers—whether 70-297 70-299 70-536 they serve to connect subnets on the LAN or connect
the LAN to a WAN. Identify the make and model of the routers as well as the
type of routing it provides. Also indicate any other services, such as DHCP or DNS
that the router provides. Indicate the version of the firmware or software, if applicable.
If the router is a Windows-based router, you also need to indicate the other
services (if any) that the server provides and the version of Windows it is running.
The type of cabling used and where. If the network has been relying on an older
standard, it is probably time to upgrade.
The location of patch panels and closets. Note what types of components are
there and what types of connections they provide.
The location of remote access equipment. If your company provides dial-up
access to many users, there may be racks of dial-up equipment. You will need to
document the vendor, brand, and model of this equipment as well as how it is
connected to the network. If it is not 70-238 70-272 controlled by a Windows server, you’ll need
to decide whether it should be.
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