IBM Certification Exams

Windows 2003 Functional Levels
On a Windows 2003 network, different levels of functionality are attainable within a
domain or a forest depending on whether all domain controllers in that domain or forest
are running Windows Server 2003. The level at which the domain or forest are running
is called the functional level. 642-611 642-973 642-845
Domain Functionality
Domain functionality affects features that will be available within a domain. There are
four levels of domain functionality available:
Windows 2000 Mixed This is the default functional level. It assumes that
domain controllers in the domain may be running Windows NT 4.0, Windows
2000, or Windows 2003. It also offers the least functional feature set.
Windows 2000 Native This functional level assumes that domain controllers
may be running Windows 2000 or Windows 2003 within the domain. Aside from
the Windows Server 2003 functional level, this level offers the most functionality.
Windows Server 2003 Interim This functional level assumes that domain controllers
will be running both Windows 2003 and Windows NT 4.0. As its name
indicates, this level is intended for use during the process of upgrading a network
from Windows NT 4.0 to Windows 2003 Server.
Windows Server 2003 This is the highest functional level for a domain. It
assumes all domain controllers in the domain are running Windows Server 2003
and offers the highest feature set.
Forest Functionality
Forest functionality affects features that will be available within a forest. There are
three levels of forest functionality available:
Windows 2000 This is the default functional level for a forest and assumes that
domain controllers in the forest may be running Windows NT 4.0, Windows 2000,
or Windows 642-588 642-801 642-802 2003.
Windows Server 2003 Interim This functional level assumes that domain controllers
will be running both Windows 2003 and Windows NT 4.0. This level is
intended for use during the process of upgrading a forest from Windows NT 4.0 to
Windows 2003 Server.
Chapter Summary
The four main geographical company models are local, regional, national, and
international. The primary differences between these models (aside from political
boundaries) are the complexity of the network and the state of the connections
between the locations.
Two types of offices also play into the geographical considerations: branch offices
that are controlled by the company and subsidiary offices that are owned by the
company, but usually have their own staff and networking policies.
You should gather as much information as possible on how information is created,
stored, and transferred within the organization.
Assess the current network environment, including information about the subnets,
IP addressing, and networking equipment used in each location.
Create an inventory of the servers and workstations in each location. Include a
description of the hardware, software, and services they use. Also note the usage
patterns of the systems so that you can gauge the best time for upgrades.
When analyzing performance requirements, start by fixing any existing problems
and making sure configurations are correct.642-822 642-503 642-642 Get a sense of user experiences and
expectations and then test the current performance. Revisit these requirements
often as you design your plan.
When gathering information about a current Windows 2000 infrastructure, you should
first create a diagram showing the existing domains and their trust relationships.
For each Windows 2000 domain, create a diagram of OU structure and a diagram
showing site structure and domain controller placement.
When gathering information about a Windows NT 4.0 infrastructure, create a diagram
showing domains and trust relationships. For each domain, gather information
on the domain controllers, users, and resources in the domain.
Exam Highlights
Before taking the exam, review the key topics and terms that are presented in this
chapter. You need to know this information.
Key Points
The basic geographic locations and the connections between them govern the
physical structure of a network. This includes how IP addressing and routing
works, how Active Directory sites are structured, and how network traffic is
controlled.
The administrative and political makeup of a company governs the logical structure
of a network. This includes how trees and domains are structured, the trust
relationships between domains, and how domains are broken into OUs.
The key to the functional level of a network is the interoperability requirements
between Windows Server 2003 642-661 642-873 642-845and previous versions of Windows. If all domain
controllers run Windows 2003, all features are available. If Windows 2000 domain
controllers exist, fewer features are available. If Windows NT 4.0 domain controllers
exist, the fewest features are available.
Your design will impact the network in terms of having to upgrade servers to support
the new operating system, upgrade capacity to support increased network
traffic, and include down time for the network while the plan is being implemented.
Key Terms
Centralized/Decentralized A centralized administration model requires fewer OUs
and lets you design a simpler structure. A decentralized model usually requires
more organization units and sometimes more domains.
WAN Link A connection between LANs in different locations. WAN links are slower,
less reliable, and more expensive than the connections within a LAN. A key goal
in designing a network is optimizing the flow of traffic over WAN links.
Functional Level The feature set available to a domain or forest based on the version
of Windows that domain controllers in the domain or forest are running.
Older versions mean fewer features.
Lesson 1 Review
1. Aside from network connection issues, what are three complicating factors exhibited
by an international company?
Difference in languages, laws, 642-611 642-973 642-588 export regulations, and tariffs are just a few of the issues an
international company must contend with.
2. What is the difference between a branch and a subsidiary office?
The essential difference between a branch and a subsidiary office is that the branch office is
controlled by the company, while the subsidiary office (while owned by the company) is more
autonomous and may follow its own policies.
3. You are preparing a geographic map for a company that has three locations within
the same state. The link between two of the locations is a dedicated T1 line. The
third location links to only one of the first two locations and that link is a 64Kb
line. What geographical model would this fall into?
The slow 64Kb link would make network design considerably more complex and would make
this company a national model. If all locations connected via high-speed links, this company
would likely be a regional model.
Lesson 2 Review
1. What types of information should you gather when inventorying a server?
You should first gather information about the server’s hardware, including the brand of the computer
and the types and capacities of components such as the motherboard, memory, disk subsystem,
and peripherals. You should also gather 642-802 642-661 642-873 information on the operating system, installed
services, and applications.
2. For each subnet on your network, identify the major IP addressing components
you will need to record.
You will need to list the network ID, subnet mask, default gateway, and additional information
such as DNS servers. You also must determine whether DHCP is used and how it is configured
for the subnet.
3. Identify the two major tools used to analyze performance on a Windows network.
The Performance console (named Performance Monitor on earlier versions of Windows) is used
to track resource utilization on a computer. Network Monitor is used to capture and analyze
local network traffic.

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